Countries
Tonga
Key Economic Indicators
$816.14 million
$7,803
2.79%
3.18%
2.01%
$508.735 million (2023 est.)
<b>note:</b> central government debt as a % of GDP
$-43,515,752
Economic Overview
upper middle-income Pacific island economy; enormous diaspora and remittance reliance; key tourism and agricultural sectors; major fish exporter; rapidly growing Chinese infrastructure investments; rising methamphetamine hub
All Economic Data
Agricultural products
coconuts, pumpkins/squash, cassava, sweet potatoes, vegetables, yams, taro, root vegetables, plantains, lemons/limes (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Budget
Expenditures:
$244.97 million (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Revenues:
$276.025 million (2023 est.)
Currency
code:
TOP
name:
Tongan paʻanga (TOP) [T$]
Current account balance
$-43,515,752
Current account balance 2022:
-$27.749 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023:
-$30.087 million (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2024:
-$21.165 million (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Debt - external
$173.18 million
Debt - external 2023:
$159.276 million (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> present value of external debt in current US dollars
Exchange rates
Currency:
pa'anga (TOP) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020:
2.3 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021:
2.265 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022:
2.328 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023:
2.364 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024:
2.373 (2024 est.)
Exports
$87.16 million
Exports 2022:
$59.926 million (2022 est.)
Exports 2023:
$95.345 million (2023 est.)
Exports 2024:
$119.511 million (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - commodities
refined petroleum, gold, processed fruits and nuts, cassava, fish (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Exports - partners
Guyana 17%, USA 17%, NZ 15%, Australia 15%, UAE 12% (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Foreign direct investment
net inflows:
$-12,079,633
GDP - composition, by end use
Exports of goods and services:
18.8% (2023 est.)
Government consumption:
29.1% (2023 est.)
Household consumption:
107.6% (2023 est.)
Imports of goods and services:
-75.4% (2023 est.)
Investment in fixed capital:
27.3% (2023 est.)
Investment in inventories:
-0.3% (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
Agriculture:
17.5% (2023 est.)
Industry:
13.5% (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Services:
50.2% (2023 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$508.735 million (2023 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP per capita (nominal)
$5,652
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
37.6 (2015)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021:
27.1 (2021 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
GNI (gross national income)
$636.67 million
GNI per capita
$5,910
Gross domestic investment
26 % of GDP
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Highest 10%:
22% (2021 est.)
Lowest 10%:
4% (2021 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Imports
$383.53 million
Imports 2022:
$330.306 million (2022 est.)
Imports 2023:
$383.475 million (2023 est.)
Imports 2024:
$392.888 million (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, plastic products, poultry, cars, sheep and goat meat (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Imports - partners
Fiji 27%, NZ 24%, China 21%, Australia 8%, USA 5% (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Industrial production growth rate
-11.1% (2023 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Industries
tourism, construction, fishing
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
3.18%
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022:
11% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023:
6.4% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024:
3.2% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices
Labor force
34,800 (2024 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
total:
33,628 persons
Labor force - by occupation
agriculture:
23.61%
industry:
23.34%
services:
53.05%
Population below poverty line
20.6% (2021 est.)
note:
<strong>note:</strong> % of population with income below national poverty line
Public debt
Note:
<b>note:</b> central government debt as a % of GDP
Public debt 2020:
43.9% of GDP (2020 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$816.14 million
Note:
<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021:
$742.114 million (2021 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022:
$724.972 million (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023:
$740.082 million (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
2.79%
Note:
<b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2021:
0.4% (2021 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2022:
-2.3% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023:
2.1% (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$7,803
Note:
<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2021:
$7,000 (2021 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022:
$6,900 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023:
$7,100 (2023 est.)
Remittances
$253.8 million
Note:
<b>note:</b> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2021:
42% of GDP (2021 est.)
Remittances 2022:
41.9% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023:
50% of GDP (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$377.3 million
Note:
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022:
$375.564 million (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023:
$396.53 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024:
$377.299 million (2024 est.)
Revenue (excl grants)
23 % of GDP
Tax revenue
20 % of GDP
Taxes and other revenues
23.8% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note:
<strong>note:</strong> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Unemployment rate
2.01%
Note:
<b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022:
2.4% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023:
2.3% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024:
2.2% (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
Female:
10% (2024 est.)
Male:
3.9% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Total:
6.3% (2024 est.)
World Bank Indicators
Currency
Tunisian dinar (TND) . (2025)
Gini Index
32.80 (2015)
Languages
Arabic (2025)
Economic Rankings
Inflation Rate
#62
Gini Index
#83
External Debt
#122
GDP per Capita
#140
Unemployment Rate
#162
GDP Growth Rate
#163
Reserves
#163
Imports
#185
Exports
#188
GDP (Nominal)
#189
GDP (PPP)
#189
Quick Facts
Industries
tourism, construction, fishing
Agricultural products
coconuts, pumpkins/squash, cassava, sweet potatoes, vegetables, yams, taro, root vegetables, plantains, lemons/limes (2023)
Labor force
34,800 (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
Guyana 17%, USA 17%, NZ 15%, Australia 15%, UAE 12% (2023)
Imports - partners
Fiji 27%, NZ 24%, China 21%, Australia 8%, USA 5% (2023)
Exchange rates
pa'anga (TOP) per US dollar -
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